Hair problems in dogs are perhaps a common issue encountered by pet owners. Though it can be a normal condition in cases of shedding, too much hair loss must be given attention to. There a wide range of reasons for hair loss in dogs. In treating this condition, it is important to address the cause not the hair loss itself. Here are some common culprits that might help you in treating your Shih Tzu.
Alopecia is a term to describe hair loss. It is not a diagnosis but merely a description and a medical term of hair loss. Alopecia’s common causes include neurodermatitis, acanthosis nigricans, dermatomyositis, flea and allergy dermatitis, and hypothyroidism. Neurodermatitis is caused by an overly stressed, anxious and bored dog which doesn’t have an avenue to release its energy. 
This manifests in overgrooming, persistent licking and hair loss. This can be prevented by giving the dog a toy or a proper exercise regimen. Acanthosis nigricans, though a bit rare causes alopecia due to hormonal imbalances, constant friction and hypersensitivity reactions from shampoo, conditioner or rug cleaners. This can be treated by steroid administration and Vitamin E supplements. Dermatomyositis, on the other hand are caused by increased exposure to sunlight and UV rays that damages the skin and hair follicle growth, thus, leading to developmental anomalies of the hair. Flea bites causes hair loss in the same manner as dermatomyositis where the skin condition is affected. Flea saliva can causes allergic reactions on the skin and the increased scratching can lead to alopecia. Lastly, hypothyrodism causes hair loss in a general manner usually observed on bilateral alopecia on the trunk and back. There may also be darkening of the skin on the abdomen and back. Caused by a lowered production of growth hormones, hypothyroidism can also cause obesity and lethargy in the animal.
Whatever the cause of hair loss is, it is still best to consult your veterinarian immediately. Dermatological problem treatments may take months to years to treat. However, knowing the cause initially will ease the burden of allergic tests and a long narrowing down of differential diagnoses.
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